Budaya Curhat (Self Disclosure) sebagai Langkah Awal Meningkatkan Kesehatan Mental Aparatur Sipil Negara di Pemerintah Kabupaten Demak

Nur Chasanah

Authors

Nur Chasanah BKPSDM

Keywords:

Kesehatan mental, self-disclosure, budaya curhat, kesejahteraan psikologis, dukungan sosial, lingkungan kerja birokrasi

Abstract

Kesehatan mental di lingkungan kerja Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) sering kali diabaikan karena kuatnya birokrasi, meskipun tingginya tuntutan kerja sangat rentan memicu stres. Penelitian ini mengisi celah empiris belum adanya kajian tentang budaya "curhat" (self-disclosure) sebagai mekanisme coping informal di birokrasi pemerintah daerah Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran budaya "curhat" (self-disclosure) sebagai strategi awal dan bentuk dukungan sosial dalam meningkatkan kesehatan mental ASN di Pemerintah Kabupaten Demak. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap 10 ASN di Pemerintah Kabupaten Demak, dianalisis dengan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa praktik curhat berkontribusi secara substantif pada tiga hal utama: (1) sebagai sarana pelepasan emosi dan reduksi stres; (2) memperkuat modal sosial dan kedekatan interpersonal; serta (3) memfasilitasi dukungan sosial emosional dan instrumental serta pencarian solusi dari rekan sejawat. Meski norma budaya kolektivis, seperti ketakutan gosip dan stigma, membatasi keterbukaan, curhat kepada rekan tepercaya terbukti ampuh sebagai langkah awal (stepping stone) peningkatan kesehatan mental, bukan pengganti layanan klinis. Temuan kritis menunjukkan dukungan masih dominan horizontal; peran atasan belum optimal. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperluas diskursus self-disclosure ke ekosistem kerja birokrasi; secara praktis, temuan ini menjadi dasar kebijakan forum diskusi dan kepemimpinan empatik. Keterbatasan penelitian terletak pada sampel kecil dan fokus dukungan antarrekan sejawat. Penelitian lanjutan perlu mengukur efektivitas dukungan atasan langsung (supervisor support) demi terciptanya iklim organisasi yang sehat dan aman secara psikologis.

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